Of words, chiefly derived from the Arabic* explained in the notes, with their etymology and meaning.

*In writing words derived from the Ar. the orthography adopted by the Royal Asiatic Society has been most scrupulously followed in this Glossary, as well as in the preceding Appendix.
 

A.

Açala (Sp. azala), prayer, from the Ar. salaat, with the art. as-sala, 567.

Adalil (Sp. adalid), guide, foreman; from the Ar. ad-dalil, 334, 558.

Adobe unburnt bricks, from the Arabic tob, 315.

Adove unburnt bricks, from the Arabic tob, 315.

Adzembla (Sp. azemila), from the Ar. zemila, beast of burden, pack-horse, 257. 548.

Aguaytar, v. Guayta.

Albacar (Sp. albacard), out-tower in a fortress; also a pulley (trochlea), from the Ar. bacara, 84, 307, 361.

Albalat names of several towns in Valencia and other prov. of Spain, from the Ar. albalad, the town.

Albalate names of several towns in Valencia and other prov. of Spain, from the Ar. albalad, the town.

Albarrana, watch-tower, keep (Sp. torre exenta), or detached from the other defences ; from the Ar. barran, 423, 543.

Albixeres (Sp. albricias), from the Ar. bishdyir; "good news," and the reward expected or given for them, 287.

Albufera, the lake close to Valencia; from the Ar. al-buheyra (the little sea), 370.

Alcait (Sp. alcaide), captain, chief, governor, 367, 428, 565.

Alcala, the castle; from the Ar. calaa; Alcalaten, the two castles, 225.

Alacacr ( a fortified palace; from casr, 564. )

Alcazar ( a fortified palace; from casr, 564. )

Alcatib (Sp. Alcatibe), scribe, scrivener, secretary; from the Ar. Kdtib (writer), and Kataba (he wrote), 467.

Alcoleja (Sp. Alcolea), a small castle ; from the Ar. coleia, the dim. of calaa (alcala), a castle, 580.

Alcora (Sp. alcoran), from the Ar. Koran, book, 216, 446.

Alcuna (Sp. alcurnia), from the Ar. cunya, a surname; also lineage, family, &c, 51.

Alfama hot baths, Lat. therma, from the Ar. hamma, 551. Many are the places in Spain and Portugal named Alfama, Aihama, Alhamilla, &c.

Alhama hot baths, Lat. therma, from the Ar. hamma, 551. Many are the places in Spain and Portugal named Alfama, Aihama, Alhamilla, &c.

Alfambra (Sp. alhambra), a castle of Valencia; from the Ar. al-hamra, fem., of al-hamr (the red), 227. Al-hamra (the red), the Alhambra of Granada.

Alfandech (Sp. alfondiga and alhondiga, Fr. fondisque), the inn ; also the market; from the Ar. fandac and fondoc. Written with an h, Alhandec means a ditch, a hole, a valley, as at p. 427.

Alfaquim (Sp. Alfaqui), a lawyer, a man versed in the fich, or Mohammedan law, 158, 213, 441; also a learned man, a physician; v. Alhaquim.

Alforja, a saddle-bag, a knapsack, v. Serrons.

Alforrat (Sp. horro, ahorrado), free, disembarrassed; from the Ar. horro (liber), 254. In old Sp. ahorrar meant to free or redeem a slave.

Alforro, a freed slave, 445.

[704]

Algaravia (Sp. algaralia), the Arabic language, al-loghat al-arabia; Ar. logha (tongue), and arabia (arable), 287, 294.

Algarada, a war engine used in sieges, from al-aarada, 139, 261, 263-5 ; also raid, foray, incursion, from ghara.

Algarbe, the west, from the Ar. garb, 607.

Algarrada, a war engine; v. Algarada.

Algazara, war-cry, sort of howling noise made by Moors coming out of an ambush ; from the Ar. garada (?), 378.

Algezira from the Ar. gezira, an island, 444.

Alguacir (Sp. Alguacil), from wazlr, a vizier or prime minister: also an inferior officer of justice, bumbailiff, 559.

Alguebe (from the Ar. Al-ghdyib), emigrant, absentee, 359.

Alhandec, v. Alfandech.

Alhaquim (Sp. alhaquime), a learned man, a physician, 158, 213, 441.

Alimara (?), 577 ; v. Almenara.

Aljama, from jamaa, congregation, meeting, council, assembly of notables, place of worship on Fridays, 538, 54O.

Almagreb, the West in general, from garb and magreb, 607.

Almanganech, a war engine, most likely from (Greek letters), though said to be the Ar. manjanek, 29, 139, 424, 552.

Almarge, the same as Marjal, q.v.

Almatrach (Sp. almadraque), a mattress ; from the Ar. matrah, a couch or reclining place, 213, 277.

Almenar (Sp. Almenara), a tower for making fire-signals, from menara (locus lucis), nar in Ar. being "light," and also "fire." From the same root are derived alminar, minarete, &c, meaning the tower of a mosque, whence prayers are proclaimed by the almuedano or muezzin. 95, 378, 524.

Almexia (Sp. Alnuxi), tunic, turban, from al-mehxia, or al-megxia, tegumentum capitis, seu corporis, 426

Alminar, v. Almenar.

Almocaten (Sp. almocaden), from the Ar. mocaddam, he who marches in front of the host, leader, captain, 670.

Almofar, from mighfar (cassis, galea); properly speaking the net of mail attached to the helmet so as to cover the back of the neck, 50.

Almogavar, a raider, a maker of forays or incursions (algaras) into an enemy's country ; participle or noun of agent of gara, " to make incursions, to invade," 193, 292, 453, 545. App. B, pp. 681-2.

Almojarife, from the Ar. mojdrif, a tax collector, 213, 468.

Almoravid, from Almoravit, an African belonging to one of the tribes known as Morabitin, q. v.

Almohades, from al-mowahhid (he who professes the unity of God, Unitarian); al-mowahhidun-in, an African dynasty, 444-5.

Almudayna, from mudaina, dim. of medina, a city. The almudayna of Mallorca was a citadel within the walls. 173-5. From the same root come almudena and modon, the plur. of medina.

Almuedano, the "muezzin" or clerk who proclaims the idzam from the top of a tower in a mosque; v. Almenara.

Almunian from the Ar. muniin, the dual of munia, or minia, a garden. There are in Spain several towns and villages bearing that appellation, such as Almuunia de Dona Godina, del V Romeral, &c 52I.

Almunien from the Ar. muniin, the dual of munia, or minia, a garden. There are in Spain several towns and villages bearing that appellation, such as Almuunia de Dona Godina, del V Romeral, &c 52I.

Alquacer (Sp. alcazar), a palace surrounded by fortifications, from the Ar. al-casr, 357.

Alqueria (Sp. Alcarrid), a village, a farm-house, from the Ar. al-caria, 335. 428, 434, 54°- 546

Alsunnaria (Fr. Saitnerie), place for salt granaries at Montpellier, 416.

Amir, a prince, a chief; v. Miramamoli.

Amit (Sp. amito) from the Lat. amictus), 2l garment; the piece of linen cloth which priests used to put on their heads whilst saying mass, 174.

Andalou name given to Spain (Hispania) by the Arabs; (beldda-l-andalos) or the of the Vandals, whence Andaluda, 451, 496, 618.

Andalus name given to Spain (Hispania) by the Arabs; (beldda-l-andalos) or the of the Vandals, whence Andaluda, 451, 496, 618.

Anfil (Sp. ailafii), from Ar. nafir, a trumpet, 428, 493.

[705]

Apostoli Apostolicus, the Pope, 6.

Apostolic Apostolicus, the Pope, 6.

Arlot (Fr. arlot, Sp. arlote), a rogue, a cheat, a harlot (?), "exir d'arlot," and " trotar d'arlot," to rush disorderly and in confus on, 123:note229.

Arraez headman, chief, captain, from ras (head), and rayis (chief)>; in later times the captain of a Turkish galley, 624.

Arrayaz headman, chief, captain, from ras (head), and rayis (chief)>; in later times the captain of a Turkish galley, 624.

Arrecife, v. Risafa.

Asequia (Sp. azequia), from the Ar. sekia ("rivulus quo irrigatur terra"), irrigating canal or trench, 372.

Astor-es (Sp. Estera-s), from the Lat. storea, a mat, principally that made of the esparto-weed, 213.

Astruch (Sp. astroso), unfortunate, born under an unlucky star, 633.

ATALAYA, watch-tower, from the Ar. talaia, 547.

Atalayar, derived from the above ; to overlook the country from the top of an atalaya, or watch-tower, 547.

Atzagaye (Sp. Azagaya), a javelin or short lance, much in use among the Moors of Spain ; probably from the Berber zagai, 173.

Atzaures, v. Zabra.

Atzembla (Sp. Azemila), a pack-horse, a beast of burden, from the Ar. zemila, "camelus onerarius qui suppelectilem et commeatum portat," v. Adzembla, 257, 548

Atzembler, muleteer, ibid.

Axarquia (Sp. Ajarquia), Ar. shayquia, whence sharqui, an oriental or Saracen, 190.

Axerea, civil law among Mohammedans, v. Xara.

Ayos (a-a-yos), the prolonged and monotonous cry of sailors when at work; perhaps derived from ayus (up), 121, 263.

AZUDA, v. Suda.

B.

Babelbeled, from bib (gate), and elbeled (of the country), one of the gates of Palma, in Mallorca, 166, 171.

Babuit (Sp. babera), the lower part of a helmet destined to protect the mouth and chin (Fr. mentonniere), 50.

Balfesta (Sp. Ballesta, Fr. arbaletre), a cross-bow, 224, 565. ad tor (ballesta de arco), winch cross-bow, de deus peus (two-footed), 276.

Barbacana, barbican; derived from bib (gate), and al-khana, a second, outermost, and lower wall in a fortress, 279, 375, 423.

Barbuda, forepart of the helmet covering the cheeks, the mouth, and the chin (Sp. babera), 336.

Baron, from the German bahr, a synonym for prohomen; in Fr. "prudhomme," 67.

Bastida, a wooden tower, a war engine for approaching a fortress, 67.

Batle (Sp. bayle and batlio, Fr. bailli), king's lieutenant, governor, 165.

Baueca (Sp. babieca), a fool, 338; also the horse of the Cid.

Belad (Sp. albalatt), a tcwn, the country, the fields ; whence Belaa, Balate, Albolote, and Velez, frequent in Spanish topography, 50.

Besant, a coin struck at Byzantium or Constantinople, 158, 309.

Bornos (Sp. Albornoz), hooded cloak much in use among Africans and Moors, 174.

Bovatge (Lat. bovaticum), tax on arable land in Catalonia, payable once in each reign, and levied on each yoke of oxen (bous), 105, 510.

Brica-es, flat-bottomed vessel for [he transport of horses, 112.

Brigola, catapult, war engine used in sieges, 525, 580, 582.

Buco, buyyo, kind of engine, furnished with a ram and ropes to pull down a house, 417.

C.

Caballeria a Fort of feudal prestation in Aragon, 21. (Sp. quadrilla), gang, troop, 176.

Cavelleria a Fort of feudal prestation in Aragon, 21. (Sp. quadrilla), gang, troop, 176.

Cadrella a Fort of feudal prestation in Aragon, 21. (Sp. quadrilla), gang, troop, 176.

Cafic (Sp. cahiz), corn measure, from the Ar. cafiz, 25, 321, 617.

Cafizada, a land measure, the extent of ground which requires a caifz of corn as seed, 398.

Caidia, name of a palace at Valencia, 357

Cait, v. Alcait.

[706]

Calahorre (Sp. Calahorrd), term used to designate a strong tower defending the entrance of a bridge or pontcoulis, from Calhorra, a Berber word, 541, 543-4.

Caldera (Sp. caldero, calderon; Fr. chaudron), tax levied on the dyers of Lerida, Barcelona, and other towns of Catalonia upon each cauldron, vat, or copper pan used in their craft, 76.

Cadelmedina v. Zalmedina,

Calmedina v- Zalmedina-

Capitol (Sp. cabildo and capitulo), a meeting of elders, 563.

Caravana (Sp. carabana), a convoy, a fleet of merchant vessels; also the cdfila, or troop of men or camels marching together, 379.

Cequia (Sp. Azequia), a watercourse, canal, or trench, for the purpose of irrigating land, 136, 372.

Cocca (Fr. coque and cache), a small vessel of Bayonne and its coast, 194.

Cocha (Fr. coque and cache), a small vessel of Bayonne and its coast, 194.

Coqua (Fr. coque and cache), a small vessel of Bayonne and its coast, 194.

Comit (Sp. comitre), the boatswain on board a galley ; Lat. comes (?), 114.

Conseyl (Sp. Conceja), the civic body of a small town, and the place of its meeting, 254.

Corral, inclosed space adjoining a house, court-yard; also a square or "piazza," 65.

Cuna (Sp. suna), preceptive law, religion, 473.

D.

Damit (?), v. Amit.

Darga, pi. dargues (Sp. adarga), from the Ar. darka, a shield, 493.

Denteyl (Sp. dintel, Fr. linteau, Lat. acroterium), the battlements of a tower or wall, 310.

E.

En, prefix to a knight's name, equivalent to Don, Sieur, Sire, 8, 16, 74.

Encalc from Lat. incalcare, persecution, pursuit, 551.

Encalijada from Lat. incalcare, persecution, pursuit, 551.

Encant, a sale by auction, 177.

Esriva (Sp. escribano), a scrivener or notary, 289.

Estam (Sp. estambre, estamena; Lat. stamen), worsted, 424.

Exea La ? Jewish interpreter to James, 559. 562.

Exerea. (Sp. Axarea), civil law among Mohammedans, 380, 473 ; also the gate (bob exerea), or "the gate of justice," in a kasbah or fortified palace, 375, 380.

Exortin royal guard of the King of Mallorca, from the Ar. shorta, or eshshorta; "satellites praetoris," praetorial guard, &c, 173. of the rebel Alazrach, 494.

EXORTIQUIN royal guard of the King of Mallorca, from the Ar. shorta, or eshshorta; "satellites praetoris," praetorial guard, &c, 173. of the rebel Alazrach, 494.

F.

Fanega, a sack, from the Ar. faneca ; also a measure of grain of about one hundred weight, or a bushel, 25.

Fonejar (Sp. hondear), to work the slinging machine called fonevol, and shoot stones with it; from Lat. funda (sling), 582.

Fonevol (fundibulus), a slinging machine, 25, 139, 141, 580-2.

Fossar (Sp.fosa, fuesa, foso), a foss, a moat; from the Lat. fodere to dig ; also a cemetery or burial ground (Sp. ossario, from Lat. ossa), 61.

Fusta-es (Sp. fusta), wood, vessel, ship, fustee, 113.

G.

Galotxes (Fr. galoches), slippers, 210.

Garb (Sp. Algarbe), the West; from the Ar. garb, 114.

Garbi the west wind, from garb, 114, 607.

Garbin the west wind, from garb, 114, 607.

Garnacha a scarlet robe, 336.

Garnatcha a scarlet robe, 336.

Granacha a scarlet robe, 336.

Gayte v. Guayta and Aguaytar.

Guayte v. Guayta and Aguaytar.

Genet (Sp. ginete), a rider with short stirrups; from Zeneta, an African tribe, 496, 546.

Goneila, dim. of gonio (Fr. gonelle), a sort of cassock used by soldiers, 276.

Gonio, the hauberk, or piece of chain armour covering the head and shoulders ; also a waistcoat under the armour, 24, 136, 174, 263, 279, 337.

Grao (Lat. gradus), strand, shore, landing-place, 298.

Grau (Lat. gradus), strand, shore, landing-place, 298.

[707]

Guadalaviar (Sp. Guadalabiad), the white river; from the Ar. guada (river), and al-abiadh (the white), 370.

Guardacors, a vest, 174.

GUARNAGE a mailcoat (?)336.

GuARNATXE a mailcoat (?)336.

Guau (Fr. gue), the ford of a river, 427.

Guayta (Fr. guet, Sp. guaita), nightwatch, out-scouts and explorers of an army ; whence aguaytar (gueter), to keep watch, 621.

H.

Honor, synonymous of fief; meaning of the word in Aragon ; 21, 181.

Horeneta (Sp. golondrina, Fr. hirondelle), a swallow, 322.

HORTA, v. Orta. Hurdes (Fr. hourdes), the hurdles or covered galleries for the siege of a town, 144, 276.

J.

Jouvada (Sp. yugadd), a measure of land, the extent of ground which a pair of oxen can plough in twenty-four hours, 359, 398.

Jovada (Sp. yugadd), a measure of land, the extent of ground which a pair of oxen can plough in twenty-four hours, 359, 398.

L.

La the negative of the Arabs, no, not, 125.

Le the negative of the Arabs, no, not, 125.

Ladi (Sp. ladino), "sarrasi ladi," the Moor or Saracen who could speak Latin, 426.

Lalcora, v. Alcord.

Latinat, the Moor who speaks Romance or the corrupt Latin of the Middle Ages (Sp. moro ladino), 533; v. Ladi.

Lebech (SP-Lebeche), wind from the south-west, lybicus, 114, 605.

Lebeg (SP-Lebeche), wind from the south-west, lybicus, 114, 605.

Leny (Sp. leno), a vessel, from "lignum," 113 ; v. also Fusta.

Llabeig, v. Lebech.

Lladoner, the nettle or love tree (Celtis auslralis), 259.

M.

Manganel (Fr. mangoneau), kind of war engine used for sieges, 29, 60, 138, 265.

Mangonel (Fr. mangoneau), kind of war engine used for sieges, 29, 60, 138, 265.

Mantel (Sp. mantlete, I at. mantellum), a mantlet, or roofed-over engine destined to the protection of sappers, 276.

Mantell (Sp. mantlete, I at. mantellum), a mantlet, or roofed-over engine destined to the protection of sappers, 276.

Mantega (Sp. manteca), the best part of milk, cream, butter; from the Ar. mantica (?), 216.

Marjal, a field, pasture-ground, low land; from the Ar. marj, 370, 427.

Masmodin, kind of silver coin similar to morabeti; the African tribe of the Masmuda, being one of those called al-morabitin. Masmodin is the plur. of masmodi.

Merino (Lat. Majorinus), a royal officer exercising jurisdiction in a town; also an inspector of sheep-walks, from the sheep called "oveja merina," 64.

Mesguida (Sp. mezquitd), a place of worship and prostration, from the Ar. mesjid, 362, 467, 567.

Mesquita (Sp. mezquitd), a place of worship and prostration, from the Ar. mesjid, 362, 467, 567.

Mestech (Sp. mistico), latteen-sail, xebec, settee, 686.

Meynada (Sp. meinada, Fr. mesnee), the train of armed followers of a king or baron, 62, 200, 453.

Miramamoli (Commander of the faithful), title given to certain Mohammedan princes, amir meaning "commander," and "the faithful," 161, 541.

Miramamolin (Commander of the faithful), title given to certain Mohammedan princes, amir meaning "commander," and "the faithful," 161, 541.

Morabati (Sp. maravedi), a kind of coin, 47, 285, 508.

Morabeti (Sp. maravedi), a kind of coin, 47, 285, 508.

N.

Na, fem. of En or Enna, 74 ; v. En.

O.

Orta (Sp. huerta), a garden; name given in Spain to all irrigated plains adjacent to a town, like those of Valencia, Murcia, Orihuela, &c, 302, 535, 554.

P.

Paer (L. Lat. paciarius, Sp. sobrejuntero), a juryman, 579.

Paratge, the spot on which stands the original mansion of a noble family (Sp. solar), 292.

[708]

Paratge, Cavaler de (i.e. de solar conocido), the descendant of an ancient family [hidalgo], 292.

Pelech, frompelagus, the sea, 204.

Penyora (Lat. pignora, Sp. empeno), pawn, pledge, 58.

Perpunt (Fr. pourpoint), a quilted coat; the gambax or gambesson of the French, 50, 276, 278, 335.

Perset silk cloth (persicus (?), 24, 424.

Preset silk cloth (persicus (?), 24, 424.

Plades-es (Fr. plaideur), a pleader, advocate, 518.

Pobla (Sp. pola and puebla), a settlement, 621.

Prohomen (Fr. prudhomme, Sp. prohombre), chief citizen, notable, procurator, and deputy to the Cortes, 637.

Puig (Lat .podius, Sp. puch), a hillock, 62, 226.

Q.

Quintar (Sp. quintal), from the Ar: kintar, one hundred weight, 216.

Quintes (Sp. quintos), the fifth part of the revenue, or of the spoil made in war, &c, 51.

R.

Rabata incursion, raid, foray, 556

Rebata. incursion, raid, foray, 556

Raboster (Sp. reposlero), head cook, butler, 17, 79, 328.

Reboster (Sp. reposlero), head cook, butler, 17, 79, 328.

Rais (Sp. arraez), from the Ar. rayis, a chief, a captain, 444, 544, 624.

Raises, pl. of the above, 624.

Rambla, from the Ar. ramla, a sandy place, 398.

Rapita (Sp. rabida), a barrack for frontier soldiers among the Spanish Moslems ; from the Ar. rabita, locus ubi quidam adstringitur ad servitiun Dei in hostium confinibus, whence marbut, morabit, rebato, ribete, &c, all derived from the same root, rabata, 556.

Recenes, the same as refines (Sp. rehenes), hostage, 428.

Reque (Sp. recua), 553.

Reyals (Sp. Reales), camp, encampment, particularly where the king's tent is pitched, 564.

Ribete, the seam or border of a dress; also the enemy's frontier, from Ar. rbdat, 555.

Rich homen (Sp. rico hombre), a baron or lord ; from the German reich, a powerful man, 34, 161, 242, 514.

Risafah name of a palace at Valencia, from the Ar. rasafa ; whence tIle SP- arrecife, a Paved road. Arrizafa is likewise the name of a convent, once a palace, in Cordova, 371.

Rusafa name of a palace at Valencia, from the Ar. rasafa ; whence tIle SP- arrecife, a Paved road. Arrizafa is likewise the name of a convent, once a palace, in Cordova, 371.

Roddo, imperative mood of the verb radda, repellere, resistire, to be steady in fight, 170.

S.

Sagetia (Sp. saetia), a ferry-boat for the crossing of rivers, 601.

Sagrista (Sp. sacristan), sacristan, clerk, sexton, 219.

Samit (Lat. sam turn, Sp. xamete), silken cloth manufactured in Xam (Syria), 174, 572.

Sarrai v. Sarrasi.

Sarrain v. Sarrasi.

Sarray v. Sarrasi.

Sarrasi an Eastern man, a Mohammedan from the East; name improperly given in the Chronicle to the African and Spanish Moors, who were maghrebin (western) instead of xarquin (eastern), 190-1.

Sarrasin an Eastern man, a Mohammedan from the East; name improperly given in the Chronicle to the African and Spanish Moors, who were maghrebin (western) instead of xarquin (eastern), 190-1.

Segeta (Sp. saela, Lat. sagitta), arrow, 310.

Sendal (Sp. zendat), fine linen cloth, from the Ar. sedal, 381.

Serrons (Sp. serones), augm. of sera, a basket of plaited osier willow, or esparto, from the Lat. sero ; also alforjal, or knapsack made of the same materials, 229.

Servent (Sp. sirviente, Fr. servant and sergeant), the man-at-arms who had not yet received the order of chivalry, and who served as squire to a knight, 425.

Sid (Sp. Cut), a lord, 49, 51; Sidi, my lord, both synonymous of muley in Ar. with the personal pronoun at the end, 51.

Suda, name of a palace at Saragossa, from the Ar. sudda, " porta domus, vastibulam" ; also obstractio, dam in a river, whence the Sp. azuda,44-

[709]

T.

Tafulla a measure of land in Valencia and Murcia ; from the Berber tahul (?), 617.

Tahulla a measure of land in Valencia and Murcia ; from the Berber tahul (?), 617.

Taifa, from the Ar. tayifa, an assembly of men, a party and a faction, 683.

Tapia, a cob-wall, from the Ar. tabia, 315.

Tarida transport, vessel for the carriage of troops and horses from Ar, terida), 112; 122.

Terida transport, vessel for the carriage of troops and horses from Ar, terida), 112; 122.

Taut (Sp. atahud and ataud), box, coffin, hearse; from the Ar. tabiit, 57.

Tizo (Sp. tizona), the sword of the Cid; also that of James, 278.

Torcimany (Sp. truchiman), from the Ar. turjiman, an interpreter, 212, 538.

Torneig (Sp. torneo), a tournament; Fr. tournois, pas d' armes, 373.

Tornes (Fr. tournois), a coin of France, 611.

Trabuch catapult, war engine 138-9, 140-1, 220-1.

Trabuouet catapult, war engine 138-9, 140-1, 220-1.

Trebuchet catapult, war engine 138-9, 140-1, 220-1.

Troter, a mounted scout, 335-6.

Trujama 212, 538 ; v. Torcimany.

Trujaman 212, 538 ; v. Torcimany.

Trujanma 212, 538 ; v. Torcimany.

V.

Veguer (Fr. viguier), from the Lat. vicarius, an inferior officer of justice, 701.

Veyl (Sp. viejo), old man; used as a title. Don Veyl, that is "sheikh, senior," whence the modern senor," 167.

Viafors "out with you" ; Cat. expression equivalent to the French "sauve qui peut," 349.

X.

Xara, civil law among Mohammedans ; v. Axerea, 473.

Xec (Sp. xeque), from the Ar. shekh, "an old man" (lo veyl), the head of a tribe (senyor), Lat. senior, 135, 217.

Xech (Sp. xeque), from the Ar. shekh, "an old man" (lo veyl), the head of a tribe (senyor), Lat. senior, 135, 217.

Xeloch (Sp. xaloque), the wind from the east, sirocco, 610.

Xekea (Sp. xara), from the Ar. sharea, Mohammedan civil law, 375, 473.

Z.

Zabra, a kind of vessel used in the Mediterranean; from the Ar. sabra, 377.

Zaka (Sp. Azaque), the tithe or religious tax paid in Mohammedan countries. "Quod de opibus datur ac consecratur Deo, elemosyna," 49.

Zeka (Sp. Azaque), the tithe or religious tax paid in Mohammedan countries. "Quod de opibus datur ac consecratur Deo, elemosyna," 49.

Zalmedina (Sp. Caldalmedina) the chief magistrate (prafectus urbis), 701.

Zarco, from the Ar. azrac, " he of the blue eyes"; surname of a Moorish chieftain, 473, 475.

Zuna from sunna, traditional law founded on the Koran, 473.

Zumes from sunna, traditional law founded on the Koran, 473.