Alcalde. Judge. Derived from Arabic alcaide, the chief figure in each parish of the town.

Aldeano. Resident of the countryside or aldea, surrounding a municipality.

Alfoz. Territory administrated by a town.

Algara. Mounted raid, often detached from a larger force on an extended expedition.

Anubda. Probably a form of vigilance service required of town residents (debate exists about the meaning of the word).

Apellido. (Latin apellitum, also Romance apelido). Military service summoned in an emergency usually for defensive purposes.

Caballero. Member of the lowest level of the knightly class, acquiring status and tax exemptions by the ownership of a horse and its use in combat. The caballero villano were members of the class with established households in towns.

Castellaría. Castle maintenance service.

Cavalgada. (Latin cabalcada or cavalcata, Romance cabalgada, cavalguet or cavallcade). Mounted military service widely required in Aragon and Castile.

Collación. District or ward within a municipality, usually defined by parish lines.

Concejo. Municipal council made up of all the house-holding citizens in a municipality.

Corredura. Small, swift mounted raid, literally a running over of the countryside.

Exercitus. (also expeditio). Offensive service. See fonsado.

Fonsadera. (Latin fossatera). Payment in lieu of offensive military service or fonsado.

Fonsado. (Latin fossatum). Offensive military service, planned in advance, often carried out as a part of a royal army.

Fuero. (Latin forum, Portuguese foral, Catalan furs). Charter of immunities and freedoms granted to towns by royal or other authority. Occasionally elaborated by the later twelfth century into full municipal codes of law.

Hueste. (Latin host or hostis). Offensive military service, used more commonly in Aragon and Catalonia, migrating to Castile by thirteenth century. See also fonsado.

Juez. Judge (in some ways analogous to the English justice of the peace), the chief official of a town. Originally appointed by the king but by the later twelfth century often elected by the town council.

Merino. Royal official, usually in charge of a larger district than that awarded to a señor.

Peón. Non-noble person who customarily served on foot in military service.

Rafala-esculca. Cattle guard and escort duty for livestock being herded from one site to another.

Señor. Royally appointed official ruling a district (señorío), with some jurisdiction over the towns in the region.

Vecino. Resident of a municipality, usually required to own a house within the town's walls and reside in that house for a portion of each year.